One of three common methods to remove nitrogen from natural gas. The pressure swing adsorption process utilizes a carbon bed technology to separate the nitrogen from the hydrocarbons and can perform effectively even where there are large amounts of nitrogen in the feed stream. A particular advantage of the pressure swing adsorption process is its …
Prestack depth migration is a key seismic technology for improving oil discovery in global oil exploration activities that works especially well for complex geological structures such as subsalt layers, basement fractures and other high-velocity layers. Compared to conventional time migration image processing, which assumes that seismic waves are propagated in straight rays, PSDM is more …
Continue reading “Prestack depth migration, pre-stack depth migration data”
Means the price at which oil products are sold to end users in countries such as the UK and Germany. The price of gas oil and fuel oil in such markets are popular escalators in gas pricing clauses, as from the buyers standpoint these are the products with which natural gas actually competes in the …
The first stage of hydrocarbon production, in which natural reservoir energy, such as gasdrive, waterdrive or gravity drainage, displaces hydrocarbons from the reservoir, into the wellbore and up to surface. Initially, the reservoir pressure is considerably higher than the bottomhole pressure inside the wellbore. This high natural differential pressure drives hydrocarbons toward the well and …
Continue reading “Primary recovery, primary recovery of oil, primary recovery of gas”
Method developed first in the UK which provides a way of funding major capital investment, often large infrastructure projects, without having recourse to the public purse. Private consortia are contracted to design, build, and in some cases manage new projects. Contracts typically last for 30 years.
Privatization means transferring the control of an enterprise from the government sector to the private sector. Generally, but not always, this also means transferring ownership of the Public sector enterprise as well as control. It can be accomplished by sale or lease. It can be accomplished by the government selling 100% of an enterprise, or …
The method of estimation of hydrocarbon reserves is called probabilistic when the known geological, engineering and economic data are used to generate a range of estimates and their associated probabilities
Probable reserves are those unproved reserves of hydrocarbons which analysis of geological and engineering data suggests are more likely than not to be recoverable. When probabilistic methods are used, there should be at least a 50% probability that the quantities actually recovered will equal or exceed the sum of estimated proved plus probable reserves. Probable …
Produced water describes water that is produced along with the oil and gas. Produced water originates from water that is trapped in permeable sedimentary rocks within the wellbore. Produced water – any water produced to the surface from the wells along with the natural gas and condensates is called produced water. Produced water occurs because …
Continue reading “Produced water; Exploration and production water and EP water”
The last string of casing set in a well, inside of which is usually suspended a tubing string.
