Category: Volumetric

23.12

Express the severity of a meteorological condition for a given area and in a specific time period. HDDs are defined relative to the outdoor temperature and to what is considered as comfortable room temperature. The colder is the weather, the higher is the number of HDDs. These quantitative indices are designed to reflect the demand for energy needed to heat a building

In a power plant, the conversion rate of MMBTU to MWH hours determines the plant’s efficiency and is known as the plant’s heat rate.

1 MWH is equivalent to 3.412 MMBTU. Thus if a generator could convert all of the energy from the fuel into electric energy, its heat rate would be 3.412 MMBTU/MWH.  1 MWH is thus equal to 3,412,142 btu. 1 KWH is equal to 0.003412 MMBTU or 3,412 BTU

Generators cannot come anywhere close to 100% efficiency. The better units being around 50% efficiency. This translates into a heat rate of 6.824 MMBTU/MWH, meaning that producing one MWH of electric energy requires burning fuel with a heat content of 6.824 MMBTU.

Power station capacity = e.g 350 MW Multiplied by hours a year = e.g 3600 hours = 350 MW * 3,600 hours = 1,260,000 MWH

Multiplied by 3.41 btus = 1,260,000 * 3.41 = 4,296,600 btu

Multiped by efficiency of station = so if station is 51% efficient in needs to consume that much more gas, so  4,296,600 btu divided by 51% = 8,424,705 btus

Then you need to convert from lower to higher heat rate, so multiply by 10% (*110%), so 8,424,705*110% = 9,267,176 mmbtus

If a power station buys gas, it usually pay for this in HHV terms. if one wants to convert the cost to a price in LWV when needs to add 11%. Or reduce the efficiency of the station by 9% (i.e. it needs more gas to generate that amount of electricity)

Billion tons

1 mmbtu of gas priced at $2.77 equals to $100,000,000 per each 1 bcm.

The partners set the price with a hedging mechanism at $2.77 mmbtu which is equal to about $100 million per 1 bcm

One watt of power used during one hour

An international system unit of power equal to one joule per second

One thousand billion cubic meters