05.07.2009

The newest advances in seismic technology which now takes into consideration a 4th dimension; which is time. With 4-D seismic geologists are now able to monitor the movement and the mobility of oil as it is extracted in the production process. This is in fact three-dimensional (3D) seismic data acquired at different times over the same area to assess changes in a producing hydrocarbon reservoir with time. 4D is used when you shoot over an older 3D and compare the results and the changes to the reservoir. Changes may be observed in fluid location and saturation, pressure and temperature.

The vertical height (thickness) of a gas accumulation above the oil-water contact

The average pressure within the reservoir at any given time. Determination of this value is best made by bottomhole pressure measurements with adequate shut-in time.

As per the Gas Law: an installation for the reception, transmission, distribution, supply, storage, measurement or change of pressure of gas, including pipelines, buildings, machinery, devices, accessories and fixed or movable gas equipment, connected to such installation, other than for home use, and an LNG installation

A section of drill pipe, casing, or tubing consisting of four joints screwed together

Petroleum products that are burned to produce heat or power and is also used in maritime navigation. Fuel oil is a fraction that is obtained from petroleum distillation. Its main characteristics include its sulfur content (1%, 1.5%, 3.5%), its viscosity)