05.07.2009

These are wells drilled to fill in between established producing wells to increase production. Infill drilling optimization is a crucial aspect of the economic development of oil and natural gas fields. When an oil or gas reservoir is discovered, the operator needs to plan on how best to recover as much of the original gas or oil in place within the reservoir. Knowledge about the reservoir is gleaned from the wellbore, and the reservoir’s extent is based on prior geological and geophysical information until other wells are drilled to prove the lateral extent of the reservoir. It will take too many years for a single well to cost-effectively drain a reservoir. Drilling additional wells is necessary for efficient and optimal recovery of gas and oil from any reservoir. There is an optimal distance between each well such that they will not interfere with each other’s ability to produce efficiently. Known as well spacing, this distance is usually expressed in acres, and is known as infill drilling

Gas transmitted via interstate pipelines to be sold in a country other than the country where it is produced

In-ground storage tanks have a high level of safety and are environmentally friendly. The side wall and bottom slab of in-ground storage tanks have a multiplex structure with three layers: reinforced concrete, insulation and a membrane. In-ground LNG storage tanks are only partially visible from the outside of the terminal site making them difficult to be targeted by terrorists. Furthermore, since the LNG is stored below the ground surface, in the unlikely event of a terrorist attack or the concrete roof being destroyed by a projectile, the LNG would not leak onto the ground. In-ground storage tanks do not need to be surrounded by a dike and the legally required space between tanks as well as the necessary distance from items to be protected is relatively small allowing the tanks to conserve space

Fracturing of rock at depth with fluid pressure. Hydraulic fracturing, a completion technique applied to wells drilled into low-permeability reservoirs such as shales and coalbeds. Hydraulic fracturing at depth may be accomplished by pumping water into a well at very high pressures

A process by which gas customers can acquire gas from, or sell gas to, other customers to minimize or avoid Cash-out. The intent of imbalance trading is to balance gas deliveries with gas consumption

A method of pumping oil from wells by using a downhole pump without sucker rods. Subsurface hydraulic pumps consist of two reciprocating pumps coupled and placed in the well. One pump functions as an engine and drives the other pump (the production pump).