A method that allows the operator to re-enter a primary wellbore from a lateral wellbore after the lateral wellbore has been completed. Reentering lateral wells is necessary to perform completion work, additional drilling and/or remedial and stimulation work
The distance from a pipeline at which it is safe to erect habitation, main roads, major infrastructure. This distance is approximately 50 m for pipelines with pressure of up to 175 bar, since natural gas burns upwards and not sidewards. With decrease in pressure, distance required and risks are reduced
Ran drill string into the drilling hole
Proved reserves established in a yet non developed reservoir that can be in proximity to or juxtaposed with a reservoir in which there are proven, developed and producing reserves. Proved undeveloped reserves are those proved reserves that are expected to be recovered from future wells and facilities, including future improved recovery projects. Under the new SEC rules (end 2009), Proved Undeveloped Reserves may be classified as proved undeveloped if there is a high degree of confidence that the quantities will be recovered
Are strategic locations owned by the refineries for storage and distribution of their refined products. In the case of an LNG receiving terminal it is the point of arrival of the LNG tankers into which the LNG is unloaded, stored in its liquid state, and re-gasified and fed to the natural gas pipeline system. Onshore receiving terminal to treat the gas that is produced.
When an O&G exploration company is fairly confident about the prospectivity of an acreage in their possession so that they try to buy up similar neighboring acreage
The “range of uncertainty” reflects a reasonable range of estimated potentially recoverable volumes for an individual accumulation. Any estimation of resource quantities for an accumulation is subject to both technical and commercial uncertainties, and should, in general, be quoted as a range. In the case of reserves, and where appropriate, this range of uncertainty can be reflected in estimates for Proved Reserves (1P), Proved plus Probable Reserves (2P) and Proved plus Probable plus Possible Reserves (3P) scenarios. For other resource categories, the terms Low Estimate, Best Estimate and High Estimate are recommended. The term “Best Estimate” is the estimate considered to be the closest to the quantity that will actually be recovered from the accumulation between the date of the estimate and the time of abandonment. If probabilistic methods are used, this term would generally be a measure of central tendency of the uncertainty distribution (most likely/mode, median/P50 or mean). The terms “Low Estimate” and “High Estimate” should provide a reasonable assessment of the range of uncertainty in the Best Estimate. For undiscovered accumulations (Prospective Resources) the range will, in general, be substantially greater than the ranges for discovered accumulations. In all cases, however, the actual range will be dependent on the amount and quality of data (both technical and commercial) which is available for that accumulation. As more data become available for a specific accumulation (e.g. additional wells, reservoir performance data) the range of uncertainty for that accumulation should be reduced
The largest LNG tankers in existence with a 210,000 (Q-Flex) and 266,000 (Q-Max) cubic meter LNG capacity. Qatar Gas Transport Co ordered and will operate the first “Q-Max” having the capacity to carry 266,000 cu m of LNG, almost 80% more cargo than conventional LNG ships. Named the Mozah, it has a length of 345 m, a breadth of 53.8 m, and a height of 34.71 m. Designated as “Q-Max”: Q for Qatar and Max for the maximum-size ship able to dock at that country’s LNG terminals, the new vessels are expected to spearhead long-haul gas shipping to the US and Europe. The Q-Max vessels feature slow-speed diesel engines that are more fuel and thermal-efficient than steam turbines with a 30% reduction in overall emissions. Improved economies of scale inherent in the much larger comparative load capacity also are expected to reduce shipping costs by 30%. Shipping by conventional vessels typically accounts for a third of the LNG price
Proved reserves are those reserves that geological and engineering data indicate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable today, or in the near future, with current technology and under current economic conditions.
Proved reserves are estimated volumes of hydrocarbon resources that analysis of geologic and engineering data demonstrates with reasonable certainty are recoverable under existing economic and operating conditions. Reserves estimates change from year to year as new discoveries are made, as existing fields are thoroughly appraised, as existing reserves are produced, as prices and costs change, and technologies evolve.
According to the EIA ‘reasonable certainty’ implies that there is a 90 percent probability that the natural gas actually recovered from those reserves will exceed the amount that is estimated beforehand to be recoverable.
Proved reserves can be categorized as developed or undeveloped. If deterministic methods are used, the term reasonable certainty is intended to express a high degree of confidence that the quantities will be recovered. If probabilistic methods are used, there should be at least a 90% probability that the quantities actually recovered will equal or exceed the estimate.
