The principle of a sacrificial anode is in connecting an external anode to the material to be protected from corrosion (such as a subsea pipeline) and passing of an electrical DC current so that the whole area of the metal surface becomes cathodic and therefore does not corrode. The anode electrolytically decomposes while the object remains free of damage
A relatively impermeable rock, commonly shale, anhydrite or salt, that forms a barrier or cap above and around reservoir rock such that fluids cannot migrate beyond the reservoir. A seal is a critical component of a complete petroleum system
The porosity created through alteration of rock, commonly by processes such as dolomitization, dissolution and fracturing
Are generally considered the most porous and permeable rocks and are therefore where scientists usually find oil and gas
A weak spot which is sometimes intentionally put in the drillstring so that if pressure exceeds a predetermined amount, the safety joint will break off and the rest of the drillstring can be saved.
Such as sealants used to seal leaks in production casings and tubings, for annular leaks, pipeline leaks, x-mas tree leaks, down-hole safety valve leaks, control system leaks, etc.
The phenomenon of salt intrusion into rock caused by the difference in buoyancy and pressure between the salt and overlying rock
The method used to maintain production levels at viable rates following a fall in flow rate as the efficiency of the primary production methods declines which include an artificial-lift system or reservoir injection to maintain pressure
A term used in marine geology to describe dark colored sediments that are rich in organic matter. Sapropelic deposits form important oil source rock
