05.07.2009
The fine screenings from crushed coke. One of the 2 main types of rudaceous rocks, consisting of angular fragments implying minimum transport of material.
The world’s third largest integrated oil concern, behind Exxon Mobil and Royal Dutch Shell. The company, which was formed in 1998 from the merger of British Petroleum and the US giant Amoco (formerly Standard Oil of Indiana), then named BP Amoco until 2000 when it was renamed BP. BP has proved reserves of 18.3 billion barrels of oil equivalent, including large holdings in Alaska. BP is the largest oil and gas producer in the US and also a top refiner
One of the best sites that provides quantitative data on the major fundamentals of the energy market. The review is used for reference by the media, academia, world governments and energy companies, and is one of the most widely respected publications in the field of energy economics
The pressure usually measured in pounds per square inch (psi) at the bottom of the hole. Test that is carried out by a wireline service company, that lowers a pressure recorder down the tubing to record bottom hole pressure with the well shut-in over 24 hrs (namely leaving the recorder for 24hr to stabilize the well and get a more realistic reading since over this period one can see how rapidly the reservoir pressure builds and recovers). The recorder is pulled out and downloaded into a computer. Most often downhole pressures are higher than surface pressure. The pressure from the well bore is an important element as this is essentially the energy that drives production to the surface. Another important element is the Flowing Bottom Hole Pressure; this is the pressure downhole when the well is flowing and stable
Liquefied petroleum gases propane and butane, contained under moderate pressure (about 125 pounds per square inch and 30 pounds per square inch respectively), in cylinders
A mobile submersible drilling structure constructed of several steel cylinders, or bottles. When the bottles are flooded, the rig submerges and rests on the bottom; when water is removed from the bottles, the rig floats. Suitable for shallow drilling of about 30 m
Bolivia has the largest reserves of natural gas in South America but needs extensive foreign investment to be able to produce and deliver the gas
LNG that evaporates during storage and transport. Typically, any rise in temperature of LNG during storage and transport will be countered by allowing evaporated LNG to vent from storage tank. Boil off gas is sometimes used to supplement fuel for tankers, or as a fuel at storage facilities
Methane or fuel made from animals’ excrement
A way of designing and constructing buildings and manipulating the environment within buildings, taking into account climate and environmental conditions to help achieve thermal comfort, reduce the consumption of fossil fuel and cut electricity bills. Designs include optimum site selection (such as exposure to winter sun or summer breeze), use of building components for roof, walls, floors (can be used as heat storage) and windows (for increasing daylight), etc. Green building programs aim to improve energy efficiency and the integration of renewable energy sources in buildings. It is also the practice of increasing the efficiency with which buildings use a variety of resources whether energy, water, materials while reducing the building’s impact on human health and the environment.