03.08.2009
Reservoir rock is a permeable and porous rock in which the gas is stored in
Heat transfer through a medium, such as air or water, by current, caused by a device powered by an external energy source.
These are cheap wells designed to gather minimum essential data. These are in essence exploration wells that are designed to maximize the potential from exploration budgets and increase exploration success. The finder well concept to maximize exploration budget includes: to design exploration campaigns and not just exploration wells; to rank the prospects on a regional & global scale according to potential & risks; to determine the Vital Few Objectives of the well & to design to satisfy only these; to agree to the design via a multidiscipline team then freeze design (avoid scope creep)
An old very polluting oil gasoil operated power unit belonging to IEC that could supply Israel with 150 MW of electricity in times of emergency
According to the regulations of the MNI, it is incumbent upon each plant whose yearly energy consumption is at least 300 tons equivalent of fuel oil and any corporation regardless of its energy consumption, to appoint a person responsible to promote the efficient use of energy. This energy official is approved by the Ministry of Energy after he has successfully completed a relevant course. The regulations permit the ministry’s representative to carry out sanctions against a plant or corporation if they fail to abide by the regulations
The continuing geographical expansion and interconnection of power systems over the last century has been motivated by a variety of technical, social and economic factors. For example early drivers included a sense of cultural progress associated with a connected grid. In recent years economies of exchange or opportunities for sale of electricity have been a key motivator for strengthening transmission interconnections or interties between regions. The main technical justifications for expansion of interconnection are threefold: economies of scale, improvement of the load factor, and enhancement of reliability by pooling generation reserves
There is what is known as the horns of the classic dilemma all developing world oil and gas producers eventually face. Namely, the delicate balance of how to determine how best to satisfy domestic energy demand whilst still leaving sufficient oil and gas left over for export. This is a circle few hydrocarbon producers have managed to square, as it involves juggling a number of balls. As a country’s national revenue rises from the sale of oil and gas, the domestic demand for energy rises as its wealthier citizens demand more cars, electrical consumer goods, etc. However, given that national oil and gas resources are expensive to develop it is inevitable that tension between an increasingly energy hungry population and the state’s need to earn greater amounts of foreign exchange will rise until a tipping point is reached. Indonesia for instance reached the tipping point for oil leading it to leave OPEC in 2008 on the grounds that it was no longer a net exporter. Analysts believe that it could reach a similar point for gas as the government decides to sacrifice LNG exports in favor or satisfying its rising domestic market.