05.07.2009
System that utilizes electromagnetic waves during pipelaying to signal collapse of or deformations to pipeline laid
Refers to the idea that emissions reductions anywhere within a specific area count toward compliance. For example, if a plant with multiple emissions sources is treated as being “under a emissions bubble”, regulators assess only the total emissions of the plant, not the emissions of each individual source, in determining compliance. Bubble also refers to an option in the Kyoto Protocol that allows a group of countries to meet their targets jointly by aggregating their total emissions. The member states of the European Union are utilizing this option.
A partial temporary reduction in system voltage. In most cases, brownouts are deliberately produced by energy providers as an emergency measure to prevent the system from failing completely (blacking out). Typically a utility will decrease system voltage by 10-25%, usually for a short period of time
The term refers to an oil or gas accumulation that has matured to a production plateau or even progressed to a stage of declining production.
A broker is an agent or facilitator in a deregulated energy market who acts as an intermediary between energy producers and energy consumers, or alternately between any two parties engaged at any point in the distribution chain between producer and consumer. Unlike marketers, brokers never actually own the commodity traded between the parties, or the means of producing or consuming that commodity. Instead they act on behalf of one or both parties in the transaction. In the natural gas sector, a broker has the legal right to supply gas to end consumers, without having ownership of the supplies