Category: Oil and Gas business

The earliest arrival of energy propagated from the energy source at the surface to the geophone in the wellbore in vertical seismic profiles and check-shot surveys, or the first indication of seismic energy on a trace

Type of module installation onto offshore platforms that does not require lifting operations. A specialized vessel transporting the module uses a ballast system to position itself directly above the location where the module is to be installed; it then proceeds to de-ballast and lower the module into place. Once this has been completed the vessel backs off and the module is secured to the support structure

The objective of FLEX LNG is to commercialize the world’s first floating natural gas liquefaction units and to become a leading global player within small and medium scale floating LNG production. Three units have been ordered from Samsung Heavy Industries in Korea for delivery as of 2011 onwards

Gas that is left over after fuel is burned and which is disposed of through a pipe or stack to the outer air

The open season method and the first come first served method provide the winner of the tender to establish an LNG gasification facility a more or less secure picture of the situation regarding the amount of capacity ordered from the facility. The open season method enables all those who are interested to submit proposals simultaneously

The surface pipe through which oil or gas travels from a well to processing equipment or to storage

Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) is a major secondary conversion process in a refinery for upgrading low value heavy hydrocarbons into high value light distillates and LPG. The process works in the presence of fine zeolitic catalyst particles in a fluid bed reactor/regenerator system. FCC is a flexible process in terms of loading/unloading and switch over of catalysts/additives. In FCCUs the spent catalyst can be withdrawn from the system and fresh catalyst can be loaded to maintain the catalytic activity and get the desired yield pattern.

In certain instances in shallower water, it is possible to physically attach a platform to the sea floor. The ‘legs’ are constructed with concrete or steel, extending down from the platform, and fixed to the seafloor with piles. With some concrete structures, the weight of the legs and seafloor platform is so great, that they do not have to be physically attached to the seafloor, but instead simply rest on their own mass. The main advantages of these types of platforms are their stability, as they are attached to the sea floor there is limited exposure to movement due to wind and water forces. However, these platforms cannot be used in extremely deep water, as it simply is not economical to build legs that long.

Rigs that stay afloat offshore and are reliable in rough seas. They are most frequently used for drilling new wells (Wildcat Wells)