05.07.2009
Natural gas pipeline companies have customers on both ends of the pipeline – the producers and processors that input gas into the pipeline, and the consumers and local distribution companies that take gas out of the pipeline. In order to manage the natural gas that enters the pipeline, and to ensure that all customers receive timely delivery of their portion of this gas, sophisticated control systems are required to monitor the gas as it travels through all sections of what could be a very lengthy pipeline network. To accomplish this task of monitoring and controlling the natural gas that is traveling through the pipeline, centralized gas control stations that collect, assimilate, and manage data received from monitoring and compressor stations are placed all along the pipe
Control and monitoring is a real asset for oil and gas pipelines, which typically consist of aboveground and/or underground piping, block valve and scraper trap stations, pumping (for oil) and compressor stations (for gas), storage, and oil and gas distribution facilities to the end users.
A map constructed with continuous lines connecting points of equal value, such as elevation, formation thickness, and rock porosity. Geologists use contour maps of the earth’s surface to make informed guesses as to the likelihood of hydrocarbon traps in an area
A line on a map that represents a constant value of the parameter being mapped. This line includes points of equal value and separates points of higher value from points of lower value. Contours are commonly drawn on maps to portray the structural configuration of the Earth’s surface or formations in the subsurface.
Region of the outer edge of a continent between the generally shallow continental shelf and the deep ocean floor, usually demarcated by the 200-m (660-ft) isobaths (the line on a map or chart that connects all points having the same depth below the surface of a body of water).
Such as a tax that the MNI wants to levy on consumers who consume excessive amounts of electricity, within the government’s framework of wanting to reduce electricity consumption in Israel by 20% by 2020.