After works have been carried out on a land (such as after the laying of a pipeline) it is incumbent upon the permit holder to restore the land and everything thereon to the condition prevailing prior to the commencement of such operations, in so far as feasible
What is known in the financial world as oil and gas and mining
Used to describe oil and gas that may be present even though there is no specific data supporting the estimate, such as when conditions appear to be geologically favorable. Not to be confused with “reserves” (see reserves)
Any estimation of resource quantities is subject to uncertainty and should thus be expressed as a potential range. The function of the three primary categories of reserves (proved, probable, possible) is to illustrate the range of uncertainty in the estimate of the potentially recoverable volume of petroleum from a known accumulation. Such estimates, which are done for each well or reservoir, may be made according to the deterministic or the probabilistic methods and are then aggregated for the whole accumulation/project. The estimate of uncertainty for each accumulation can be tracked over time from exploration through discovery, development and production. This approach provides an extremely effective basis for evaluating the validity of the methodologies used.
The ability to use fewer resources – not only energy – to achieve the same output
Heat generated by the decay of radioactive fission products in a nuclear reactor after shutdown – termination of the chain reaction. The residual heat in the first seconds after shutdown amounts to about 5% of the power prior to shutdown. The residual heat in the fuel elements is equal to approx. 2 kW per tone nuclear fuel after three years of decay time, i.e. about 1 kW per fuel element of a pressurized water reactor
