10.06.2016
Operation of an electricity production system that was in shutdown mode.
Hot startup: up to 8 hours after shutdown, warm startup: 8-48 hours after shutdown, cold startup: more than 48 hours after shutdown.
An internal combustion electricity production system whose mixture of air and fuel is ignited by compression and used to operate production units, auxiliary facilities and in a state of emergency.
1 cubic meter of exhaust gas calculated as follows: dry gas; temperature 273.1K; pressure 101.3 KPa; 6% oxygen in a steam facility that consumes solid fuel and 3% during the consumption of liquid fuel, 15% oxygen in a gas turbine that burns liquid fuel and 5% in a diesel generator – all expressed in milligram per standard cubic meter (mg/Sm³).
Means for reducing the concentration or quantity of air pollutants in the exhaust gas by collection, absorption, filtration, scrubbing, burning, etc., or a technology or technique designed to prevent the creation of pollutants.
Prices linked, usually through a base price and an escalation clause, to competing fuels, typically crude oil, gas oil and/or fuel oil.
If any pipelines are built by 2020, the likeliest routes are: Nord Stream 2 (two extra lines each of 27.5bn m3/yr) enabling Gazprom to meet demand of all European countries except south eastern Europe and Turkey; Turk Stream (two new lines each of 15.5bn m3/yr) enabling it to cover southeast Europe and Turkey; South Stream (two new lines each of 15.5bn m3/yr) enabling Gazprom to cover southeast Europe and either Italy or Turkey.
03.06.2016