05.07.2009
The costs associated with abandoning a well or production facility. Such costs are specified in the authority for expenditure (AFE), and typically cover the plugging of wells, the removal of well equipment, production tanks and associated installations as well as surface remediation
A well no longer in use
The pressure at which a reservoir was or is expected to be abandoned
Israeli-German joint venture established in 2005 as an equal strategic partnership between the Afcon Group and RMG International Group. The companies’ missions are to provide the natural gas transmission and distribution industry in Israel with services such as engineering, supply, assembly & building, integration and maintenance needed for the construction of PRMS stations and migrating plants to gas projects. Furthermore, the company is pursuing new gas technologies and systems appropriate for the relevant trades and industries in Israel. Four unmanned PRMS stations were constructed and completed by ARG and are successfully operating, while an additional 50 stations are planned for the future.
Initiative launched by the IEA in 2009 is aimed at reducing fuel expenditures per kilometer by 50% by 2050
Principles for planning electricity market include the need to balance between three different concepts: availability, accessibility/affordability, acceptability
In order to reach the global targets set into the ACT and Blue scenarios, the IEA has identified seventeen key technologies for energy efficiency, power generation and transport and, for each, has drawn a roadmap that describes the actions required to deliver their potential. These roadmaps are developed in the full “Energy Technology Perspectives 2008” report. On the supply side these include: Fossil-fuel power plants which capture and store the CO2 they generate (namely CCS power generation); Nuclear power plants; Wind turbines located both onshore and offshore; Biomass burnt in power using integrated gasification combined cycle technology (IGCC) either alone or in combination with other fuels (co-combustion); Solar power generated by photovoltaic panels (PV) that convert the sun’s light directly into electricity; Solar power generated by concentrators that convert the sun’s heat into electricity; Coal power plants using integrated gasification combined cycle technology (IGCC); New coal power plants using ultra-supercritical technology; Second-generation liquid biofuels. On the demand side these include: Energy efficiency in buildings and appliances; Heat pumps used for heating and cooling; Solar space and water heating; Energy efficiency in transport; Electric and plug-in vehicles; Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles; C02 capture and storage (CCS) applied to various processes such as hydrogen production and fuel transformation; Energy efficiency of motor systems used in industry