05.07.2009

The slow movement of water through the pore spaces of a solid material

A structure in a sedimentary rock that forms at or near the time of deposition and reveals information about the depositional environment

Are formed in horizontal layers when sediments from rivers are washed into lakes or oceans. The weight of the additional sediments compresses the earlier deposits and minerals cement them together into sedimentary rocks such as sandstone, limestone (carbonate) and shale.

A depression in the crust of the Earth formed by plate tectonic activity in which sediments accumulate

Sediment is loose, hard material lying on top of solid rock. Sediment comes in many forms and sizes, and can originate from a variety of sources and is usually material deposited by water, wind or glaciers

A complex concept meaning many things, energy security is most often used in a narrow sense to indicate the stability of a country’s supply of energy. In this sense, it can be easily confused with the idea of energy independence. Many now believe energy security has broader implications for the mutual security of supply and demand. It is dependent on such factors as resilience, security of supply and interdependence.

Policy that considers the risk of lack of sufficient supplies of energy at economic prices and the dependence on fuel sources located in remote and unstable regions of the world as well as the benefits of domestic and diverse fuel sources. Security of supply views commercial, technical and political risks of being cut off from the source of supply. Security of energy also deals with diversity of supplies (coal, oil, gas), the need for multiple suppliers and reliable infrastructure.

The European Union Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER) recommends in its Gas Target Model that EU member States should:

  1. Have at least three distinct origin sources of gas, defined as gas producing countries or countries hosting a liquid hub from where gas is purchased.
  2. Have a market concentration, as measured by the HHI lower than 2,000
  3. Have the capacity to meet yearly demand without their largest upstream supplier, which equates to a Residual Supply Index (RSI) greater than 110% of demand.

The Ministry of Energy in Israel believes that security of energy supply is one of the principle factors that influences the nation’s economic, health and environmental security.

Can be defined as the ability of the electrical power system to provide end-users with a specific level of continuity and quality in a sustainable manner