In order to reach the global targets set into the ACT and Blue scenarios, the IEA has identified seventeen key technologies for energy efficiency, power generation and transport and, for each, has drawn a roadmap that describes the actions required to deliver their potential. These roadmaps are developed in the full “Energy Technology Perspectives 2008” report. On the supply side these include: Fossil-fuel power plants which capture and store the CO2 they generate (namely CCS power generation); Nuclear power plants; Wind turbines located both onshore and offshore; Biomass burnt in power using integrated gasification combined cycle technology (IGCC) either alone or in combination with other fuels (co-combustion); Solar power generated by photovoltaic panels (PV) that convert the sun’s light directly into electricity; Solar power generated by concentrators that convert the sun’s heat into electricity; Coal power plants using integrated gasification combined cycle technology (IGCC); New coal power plants using ultra-supercritical technology; Second-generation liquid biofuels. On the demand side these include: Energy efficiency in buildings and appliances; Heat pumps used for heating and cooling; Solar space and water heating; Energy efficiency in transport; Electric and plug-in vehicles; Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles; C02 capture and storage (CCS) applied to various processes such as hydrogen production and fuel transformation; Energy efficiency of motor systems used in industry